Terms and Conditions

This page sets out the terms and conditions applicable to your use of ICLR’s products and services (including this Website) along with our Privacy and Cookies policies.

General Users

Terms and Conditions for General Users

These terms and conditions (“Terms and Conditions”) apply if you are a business customer or an individual consumer. You will be a business customer if you are acting for purposes relating to your trade, business, craft or profession (a “Business Customer”) and you will be an individual consumer if you are acting for purposes which are wholly or mainly outside your trade, business, craft or profession (a “Consumer”). If you are an academic institution, the Academic Subscribers Terms and Conditions apply (available at https://www.iclr.co.uk/about/terms-and-conditions/academic-subscribers/)

These Terms and Conditions explain the legal terms on which we provide our products and services to you (whether you order through the website or otherwise (e.g. using an order form)).

PLEASE READ THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS CAREFULLY BEFORE PLACING ANY ORDER WITH US (WHETHER THROUGH THE WEBSITE OR OTHERWISE). YOU WILL BE ASKED TO CONFIRM YOUR ACCEPTANCE OF THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS BEFORE PLACING YOUR ORDER. IF YOU DO NOT AGREE TO THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS, YOU WILL NOT BE ABLE TO ORDER FROM US.

Please note that: (a) we only use personal information in accordance with our Privacy Policy (available at https://www.iclr.co.uk/about/terms-and-conditions/privacy-and-cookies) and (b) our website uses cookies, as further detailed in our Cookies Policy (available at: https://www.iclr.co.uk/about/terms-and-conditions/cookies-policy). In addition, use of our website is governed by our Website Terms of Use (available at https://www.iclr.co.uk/about/terms-and-conditions/website-terms/) and you agree to comply with its terms. Please read these documents carefully as they contain important information about our practices and your use of our products and services.

You should print a copy of these Terms and Conditions for future reference. If you are unable to access the Terms and Conditions in full, or if you are having difficulty reading them, please contact us and we will assist you.

1. ABOUT US AND OUR PRODUCTS AND SERVICES

1.1 We are the Incorporated Council of Law Reporting for England and Wales, a company limited by guarantee (company number 00005034). Our registered address is Megarry House, 119 Chancery Lane, London WC2A 1PP and our VAT number is 232390976.

1.2 If you have any questions or experience any problems with your order, please contact us and we will be happy to assist you: E-mail: subscriptions@iclr.co.uk, Telephone: +44 (0)207 242 6471.

1.3 In these Terms and Conditions, references to “we”, “us”, “our” or “ICLR” mean us, the Incorporated Council of Law Reporting for England and Wales. References to “you” and “your” mean you, the person or organisation ordering from us (including anyone authorised by you to use our products or services).

1.4 We publish the law reports of the judicial decisions of the courts of England and Wales. We make these, and other reports published or otherwise made available by us under various titles from time to time (“Reports”), available for you to purchase in print (“Printed Reports”) or to access online (“Online Reports”). To access the Reports you need to purchase a subscription (“Subscription”) from us.

1.5 Where a Subscription to the Online Reports is purchased, we may make additional services available, in our sole discretion, from time to time (“Online Service”). The Online Service will be included within the Subscription where stated on the Order Form or Online Form.

2. PLACING ORDERS

2.1 You can place an order to purchase a Subscription through our website (www.iclr.co.uk) using our online order form (“Online Form”) or by contacting us and completing our paper order form (“Order Form”).

2.2 All orders to purchase a Subscription to the Online Reports and Online Services using the Online Form must be placed through our website, following the steps set out in the Online Form process. When you place an order for a Subscription to the Online Reports and Online Service (as relevant) (“Online Order”), we will send you an e-mail acknowledging receipt of your Online Order and containing the details of your Online Order. Please note that this does not mean that your Online Order has been accepted. Your Online Order represents an offer by you to purchase the relevant Subscription to the Online Reports and Online Service (as relevant) from us. Your order is only accepted, and a binding contract formed in accordance with section 2.4.

2.3 To place an order to purchase a Subscription using our paper Order Form, you will need to complete and sign the Order Form and return it to us (“Offline Order”). Please note that this does not mean that your Offline Order has been accepted. Your submission of a signed Order Form represents an offer by you to purchase the relevant Subscription from us. Your order is only accepted, and a binding contract formed, in accordance with section 2.4.

2.4 Your order is only accepted:

2.4.1 for Online Orders, when we send you a further e-mail confirming that we have accepted your Online Order;

2.4.2 for Offline Orders, when we sign the Order Form or if we invoice you for the Subscription described in the Order Form, whichever is the earlier,

and this is the point that a binding contract is made between you and us, subject to and incorporating these Terms and Conditions and the Online Form or Order Form (as applicable) (the “Contract”).

2.5 We suggest you print off a copy of these Terms and Conditions and that you keep a copy of the Online Form or Order Form (as applicable) and any correspondence between you and us for your records.

3. THE REPORTS

3.1 Within 10 working days of the date of the Contract, we will send you a copy of any Printed Reports within your Subscription (including, in the event your Subscription Period starts after 1 January, those Printed Reports that have already been published that calendar year) and/or access details for the Online Reports and/or the Online Service (as applicable). The risk in any Printed Reports and the responsibility to insure them will pass to you when the relevant Printed Reports are delivered to you.

3.2 Unless otherwise stated on the Online Form or Order Form (as applicable):

3.2.1 in the case of Online Reports, your Subscription shall include all available archives of the relevant Online Reports since the date of their first publication; and

3.2.2 in the case of Printed Reports, your Subscription shall include those Printed Reports identified in the Order Form. During the relevant Subscription Period (as defined in section 5 below), we will send you all monthly or weekly parts of the Printed Reports produced in the relevant Subscription Period.

4. YOUR USE OF THE REPORTS AND THE ONLINE SERVICE

4.1 You may use the Reports and Online Service (as applicable) to which your Subscription relates, in accordance with these Terms and Conditions, for the following purposes:

4.1.1 academic research or study (including use in scholarly publications and presentation of such research at academic conferences);

4.1.2 providing academic services to students;

4.1.3 providing professional advice in connection with a lawful trade or profession (including providing professional legal services to your clients);

4.1.4 citing and/or arguing cases before a Court of law; and

4.1.5 exercising any judicial office or function,

(together the “Permitted Purposes”).

4.2 You may, as required for the Permitted Purposes and as permitted by law:

4.2.1 read, search, view, download and print the Reports (as applicable);

4.2.2 copy, quote and excerpt insubstantial extracts from the Reports; and

4.2.3 on a reasonable and occasional basis, distribute full case reports in electronic format to third parties, provided that such extracts and/or case reports are appropriately cited and credited (including acknowledging the source and ownership of the copyright in the same).

4.3 The activities permitted by section 4.2 above are subject to a “fair usage” limit and we reserve the right to suspend your access to the Online Reports and/or the Online Service if you are found to be abusing such limit.

4.4 You are not permitted to:

4.4.1 re-sell the Reports (or parts of them) or the Online Service;

4.4.2 modify the content of the Reports or the Online Service;

4.4.3 remove, conceal or obliterate any copyright or other proprietary notices included on the Reports or the Online Service;

4.4.4 store any Online Reports in any form of database whether current or archival which is intended for the storage, and/or provision to its users, of access to know-how; or

4.4.5 Download any Online Reports or other content on the Online Service in bulk and/or subject such content to bulk data processing or analysis without first seeking permission from ICLR and obtaining our written consent and authorisation.

4.5 You must comply, and ensure all Authorised Users comply, with all applicable laws relating to your use of the Reports and the Online Service.

4.6 Where the Order Form or Online Form sets out a number of authorised users, this means the number of individuals who are authorised by you to access the Online Reports and/or the Online Service (as applicable) (“Authorised Users”).

4.7 You will:

4.7.1 ensure that all Authorised Users comply with these Terms and Conditions and, in particular, with this section 4; and

4.7.2 use all reasonable endeavours to prevent unauthorised access to the Reports and/or the Online Service (as applicable).

4.8 In relation to the Authorised Users, you undertake that the maximum number of Authorised Users that you authorise to access and use the Online Reports and/or Online Services (as applicable) shall not exceed the number set out in the Order Form or Online Form (as applicable).

4.9 If you are a Business Customer, you agree to indemnify us fully and hold us harmless from, all claims, costs, damages, losses and expenses (including all reasonably incurred legal expenses) incurred by us, whether in contract, tort (including negligence), breach of statutory duty, misrepresentation or otherwise arising out of or in connection with: (a) any failure by you or any Authorised User to comply with the provisions of this section 4; (b) the provision of extracts or full case reports to third parties (other than in accordance with these Terms and Conditions) by you or any Authorised User; or (c) otherwise arising out of or in connection with any breach of the Contract by you or any Authorised User.

4.10 If you are a Consumer and we suffer loss arising out of or in connection with: (a) any failure by you to comply with the provisions of this section 4; (b) the provision of extracts or full case reports to third parties (other than in accordance with these Terms and Conditions) by you; or (c) otherwise arising out of or in connection with any breach of the Contract by you, we may issue legal proceedings against you for reimbursement of such losses.

4.11 We may, from time to time, monitor your usage of the Online Service and the Online Reports and/or perform routine checks to ensure that such usage is in compliance with these Terms and Conditions (and, in particular, with this section 4). You agree to provide us or our designated auditor with such information and cooperation as we may reasonably request in relation to such audit. We reserve the right to terminate the Contract immediately if we reasonably consider that you, or any Authorised User, has persistently or materially failed to comply with the provisions of this section 4.

5. SUBSCRIPTION PERIOD

Contracts made via Online Orders

5.1 In relation to Contracts made via Online Orders, the “Initial Subscription Period” means:

5.1.1 in relation to Online Reports and the Online Service (as applicable):

(a) if you subscribe for an annual Subscription the Initial Subscription Period will commence on the date your order was accepted (unless otherwise stated in the Online Form) and shall last for a period of twelve (12) months from that date; or

(b) if you subscribe for a monthly subscription, the Initial Subscription Period will commence on the date your order was accepted (unless otherwise stated in the Online Form) and shall last for a period of one (1) calendar month; or

5.1.2 such other period of time specified in your Online Form.

5.2 Unless otherwise terminated or cancelled in accordance with these Terms and Conditions, your Subscription for an Online Order will last for the Initial Subscription Period. Your Subscription will automatically renew at the end of the Initial Subscription Period for a further period of:

5.2.1 if your Initial Subscription Period is twelve (12) months, a further twelve (12) months;

5.2.2 if your Initial Subscription Period is one (1) month, a further one (1) month; or

5.2.3 if section 5.1.2 applies, for an amount of time equal to the period of time specified in your Online Form,

and shall continue to renew for successive periods of twelve (12) months, one (1) month or the period of time specified in your Online Form (each such period, a “Renewal Subscription Period”). For Online Orders, the “Subscription Period” shall be the Initial Subscription Period and each Renewal Subscription Period.

Contracts made via Offline Orders

5.3 In relation to Contracts made via Offline Orders, the Subscription Period means:

5.3.1 in relation to Printed Reports: the Subscription Period will commence on 1 January and shall end on 31 December in the year specified in the Order Form; and

5.3.2 in relation to Online Reports and the Online Service (as applicable):

(a) if you subscribe for an annual Subscription the Subscription Period will commence on the date your order was accepted (unless otherwise stated in the Order Form) and shall last for a period of twelve (12) months from that date; or

(b) if you subscribe for a monthly subscription, the Subscription Period will commence on the date your order was accepted (unless otherwise stated in the Order Form) and shall last for a period of one (1) calendar month; or

5.3.3 such other period of time specified in your Order Form.

6. SUBSCRIPTION FEE AND PAYMENT

6.1 You must pay the subscription fee detailed in the Order Form or Online Form (as applicable) or as notified to you from time to time (“Subscription Fee”). We reserve the right to suspend or cancel your access to the Reports and/or the Online Service until you have paid the Subscription Fee for the relevant Initial Subscription Period Renewal Subscription Period or Subscription Period (as applicable) (each a “Payment Period”).

6.2 Once you have paid the Subscription Fee for a relevant Payment Period, you will not be entitled to receive any refund for that Payment Period, regardless of whether the Contract is terminated in accordance with section 11 (other than if you are a consumer and you cancel the Contract in accordance with section 12).

6.3 Unless otherwise specified in the Order Form or on our website, the Subscription Fee is exclusive of any applicable delivery costs, which will be added to the total amount due. No VAT is charged on subscriptions and none has been included.

6.4 Unless you pay the Subscription Fee by cash, credit or debit card when you place your order, we will invoice you for the Subscription Fee (by email or letter). Unless otherwise specified in the Order Form or Online Form (as applicable), you will pay each invoice in full within 30 days of the invoice date.

6.5 Despite our best efforts, some subscription fees and other prices listed on our website may be incorrect. We are under no obligation to provide the Reports and/or the Online Service to you at the incorrect (lower) price if the pricing error is obvious and unmistakeable and could have reasonably been recognised by you as a mis-pricing.

6.6 We have the right to make changes to the Subscription Fee from time to time, although we shall not make any change to the Subscription Fee applicable to you during the current Payment Period. If these changes result in an increase in the Subscription Fee payable by you, we shall inform you at least 14 days in advance of the change. If you do not agree to pay the increased Subscription Fee, you may terminate your Subscription in accordance with section 11.2.

7. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY

7.1 Without prejudice to the copyright and other intellectual property rights (“IPR”) (if any) which the Crown or any third party may own in the transcripts or reports from which the Reports are derived, all IPR in the Reports (in whatever format) and the Online Service belong to us and/or our third-party licensors. All such rights are reserved.

7.2 You acknowledge and agree that nothing in the Contract shall have the effect of transferring the ownership of any IPR in the Reports and/or the Online Service (or any part of them) to you or any third party. You agree not to do anything which is inconsistent with our ownership or which is otherwise likely to prejudice our IPR.

7.3 You will promptly inform us if you become aware of:

7.3.1 any unauthorised use of the Reports and/or the Online Service;

7.3.2 any actual, threatened, or suspected infringement of any of our IPR in the Reports and/or the Online Service; or

7.3.3 any claim by any third party that the Reports and/or the Online Service infringe the IPR of any other person.

8. CONFIDENTIALITY AND PRIVACY

8.1 Due to the nature of the products and services we provide, certain information is valuable to us and we have to ensure that this information is protected. When we refer to “Confidential Information” in these Terms and Conditions, we mean: the terms of the Contract, all matters relating to or connected with the operation of the Contract and all information or data belonging to us that is of a confidential nature that comes into your possession or knowledge as a consequence of the Contract (including details of our pricing practices).

8.2 You agree to keep the Confidential Information confidential at all times and you will not use or disclose any Confidential Information except: (a) strictly as required to perform your obligations under the Contract; or (b) with our prior written consent.

8.3 The provisions of section 8.2 shall not apply to Confidential Information which: (a) you are able to prove was already in your possession without an obligation of confidence at the date it was received or obtained; (b) you obtain from another source independent of the Contract; (c) comes into the public domain otherwise than through your default or negligence; (d) is independently developed by or for you; or (e) you are required to disclose by law or by the rules of any recognised stock exchange, or governmental or other regulatory body provided that you will, if lawful and practicable, supply a copy of the required disclosure to us before it is disclosed and incorporate any amendments or additions that we may reasonably request.

8.4 If you are a Business Customer, you will use all reasonable endeavours to ensure that your personnel, sub-contractors, agents and Authorised Users comply the terms of this section 8.

8.5 Any confidential data uploaded or input by you as part of the search terms or (if included in your subscription) as part of the text content submitted for AI analysis using our “Case Genie” function will be treated as private and confidential in accordance with our Privacy Policy.

We shall comply with all applicable Data Protection legislation including the EU Regulation 2016/679 (General Data Protection Regulation) and the United Kingdom Data Protection Act 2018, and whichever laws are applicable during the Subscription Period, and in particular shall not disclose the identity of or data about you or your Authorised Users to any third party.

9. WARRANTIES

9.1 We warrant that we own or have obtained all necessary rights, licences or consents to provide the Reports and the Online Service (if applicable) to you in accordance with the Contract.

9.2 If you are a Business Customer, the Reports and Online Service (if applicable) are provided to you on an “as is” basis. All warranties, conditions or terms not set out in the Contract and which would otherwise be implied or incorporated into the Contract by statute, common law or otherwise are excluded to the maximum extent permitted by law. We make no warranty or representation that the Reports, the Online Service or any part of them are free from errors or omissions.

9.3 You are responsible for ensuring that your hardware and software are capable of accessing the Online Reports and/or the Online Service (as applicable). We shall have no liability to you for any failure to access the Online Reports and/or the Online Service (as applicable) as a result of compatibility and/or any other issues relating to your hardware and/or software.

10. LIABILITY

10.1 NOTHING IN THE CONTRACT SHALL OPERATE TO LIMIT OR EXCLUDE EITHER PARTY’S LIABILITY TO THE OTHER FOR: (A) DEATH OR PERSONAL INJURY CAUSED BY THAT PARTY’S NEGLIGENCE; (B) FRAUD OR FRAUDULENT MISREPRESENTATION; OR (C) ANY OTHER LIABILITY WHICH CANNOT BE LIMITED OR EXCLUDED BY LAW.

10.2 SUBJECT TO SECTION 10.1, OUR TOTAL AGGREGATE LIABILITY (INCLUDING ANY LIABILITY FOR THE ACTS OR OMISSIONS OF OUR EMPLOYEES, AGENTS AND SUB-CONTRACTORS) TO YOU ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE CONTRACT (INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY USE MADE BY YOU OF THE REPORTS AND/OR THE ONLINE SERVICE (OR ANY PART OF THEM)), REGARDLESS OF THE FORM OF ACTION AND WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), BREACH OF STATUTORY DUTY, MISREPRESENTATION OR OTHERWISE SHALL UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES EXCEED A SUM EQUAL TO 100% OF THE SUBSCRIPTION FEE FOR THE PAYMENT PERIOD DURING WHICH THE LIABILITY AROSE.

10.3 SUBJECT TO SECTION 10.1, IF YOU ARE A BUSINESS CUSTOMER, THE FOLLOWING SUB-SECTIONS APPLY:

10.3.1 WE SHALL UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR ANY LOSS OF PROFITS (WHETHER DIRECT OR INDIRECT), BUSINESS, CONTRACTS, ANTICIPATED SAVINGS, WASTED MANAGEMENT TIME, GOODWILL, OR REVENUE, OR ANY LOSS OR CORRUPTION OF DATA, OR ANY INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL LOSS OR DAMAGE WHATSOEVER, HOWEVER ARISING, EVEN IF WE HAVE BEEN ADVISED IN ADVANCE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH LOSS OR DAMAGE.

10.3.2 WE SHALL UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES HAVE ANY LIABILITY TO YOU, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), BREACH OF STATUTORY DUTY, MISREPRESENTATION OR OTHERWISE, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH: (A) YOUR INABILITY OR FAILURE TO PERFORM ANY LEGAL OR OTHER RESEARCH RELATED WORK OR TO PERFORM SUCH LEGAL OR OTHER RESEARCH OR RELATED WORK PROPERLY OR COMPLETELY; OR (B) ANY DECISION MADE OR ACTION TAKEN BY YOU IN RELIANCE ON THE REPORTS AND/OR THE ONLINE SERVICE.

10.4 SAVE AS SET OUT IN SECTION 10.1, IF YOU ARE A CONSUMER, THE FOLLOWING SUB-SECTIONS APPLY:

10.4.1 IF WE FAIL TO COMPLY WITH THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS, WE ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR DIRECT LOSS OR DAMAGE YOU SUFFER THAT IS A FORSEEABLE RESULT OF OUR BREACH OF THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OR OUR NEGLIGENCE, BUT WE ARE NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY LOSS OR DAMAGE THAT IS NOT FORESEEABLE. LOSS OR DAMAGE IS FORESEEABLE IF IT IS AN OBVIOUS CONSEQUENCE OF OUR BREACH OR IF IT WAS CONTEMPLATED BY YOU AND US AT THE TIME WE ENTERED INTO A CONTRACT.

10.4.2 NOTHING IN THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS AFFECTS YOUR STATUTORY RIGHTS. IF YOU ARE RESIDENT IN THE UNITED KINGDOM, ADVICE ABOUT YOUR STATUTORY RIGHTS IS AVAILABLE FROM YOUR LOCAL CITIZENS’ ADVICE BUREAU OR TRADING STANDARDS OFFICE.

10.5 THE REPORTS AND ONLINE SERVICES WE PROVIDE ARE NOT INTENDED TO AND DO NOT CONSTITUTE LEGAL OR OTHER ADVICE ON WHICH RELIANCE SHOULD BE PLACED. NO CLIENT-SOLICITOR/BARRISTER RELATIONSHIP IS FORMED BY VIRTUE OF OUR SUPPLY OF THE REPORTS AND/OR THE ONLINE SERVICE TO YOU.

11. TERM AND TERMINATION

11.1 The Contract between you and us will commence in accordance with section 2 of these Terms and Conditions and will continue until the end of the Subscription Period unless terminated earlier in accordance with this section 11.

11.2 You may cancel your Subscription prior to the commencement of a Renewal Subscription Period by:

11.2.1 e-mailing us at subscriptions@iclr.co.uk requesting a cancellation; or

11.2.2 logging in to the Online Service, clicking your username and selecting ‘cancel subscription’.

We may cancel your Subscription prior to the commencement of a Renewal Subscription Period by emailing you and notifying you of the cancellation. Your Subscription will be cancelled from the end of the Initial Subscription Term or Renewal Subscription Period (as applicable) during which you cancelled your Subscription.

11.3 Either you or we may (without prejudice to our or your other rights) terminate the Contract by giving written notice to the other party if: (a) the other party commits a material breach of any of its obligations under the Contract and (if such breach can be remedied) fails to remedy the breach within 30 days of the non-defaulting party’s written notice to do so; (b) the other party suspends, or threatens to suspend, payment of its debts or is unable to pay its debts as they fall due or admits inability to pay its debts or (being a company or limited liability partnership) is deemed unable to pay its debts within the meaning of section 123 of the Insolvency Act 1986 or (being an individual) is deemed either unable to pay its debts or as having no reasonable prospect of so doing, in either case, within the meaning of section 268 of the Insolvency Act 1986 or (being a partnership) has any partner to whom any of the foregoing apply; (c) the other party commences negotiations with all or any class of its creditors with a view to rescheduling any of its debts, or makes a proposal for or enters into any compromise or arrangement with its creditors; (d) a petition is filed, a notice is given, a resolution is passed, or an order is made, for or in connection with the winding up of that other party; (e) an application is made to court, or an order is made, for the appointment of an administrator, or if a notice of intention to appoint an administrator is given or if an administrator is appointed, over the other party (being a company); (f) the other party (being an individual) is the subject of a bankruptcy petition or order; (g) any event occurs, or proceeding is taken, with respect to the other party in any jurisdiction to which it is subject that has an effect equivalent or similar to any of the events mentioned in (b) to (f) (inclusive).

11.4 We may terminate the Contract immediately on written notice to you if: (a) you fail to pay any amount due under the Contract on the due date for payment and you remain in default not less than 30 days after being notified to make such payment; or (b) any agreement between us and any third party provider of any part of the Reports and/or the Online Service is terminated (in which case, we will refund such proportion of the Subscription Fee already paid by you as relates to the part or parts of the Subscription which will no longer be available to you).

11.5 Upon termination for any reason: (a) all rights granted to you under the Contract shall immediately cease; (b) you shall immediately cease all activities authorised by the Contract; (c) you shall immediately pay to us any sums due to us under the Contract; and (d) as soon as reasonably practicable, and in any event within 14 days following such termination, you shall destroy and, if requested, return to us any and all copies of any Confidential Information in your possession, custody or control and, if requested by us, certify to us that you have done so.

11.6 Any provision of the Contract that expressly or by implication is intended to come into or continue in force on or after termination or expiry (including those under sections 4.4, 4.9, 4.10, 7.1, 7.2, 8, 10, 11.5, 11.6, 13.4, 13.10 – 13.15 (inclusive) of these Terms and Conditions) shall remain in full force and effect.

12. CONSUMER RIGHT OF CANCELLATION

12.1 If you are a Consumer and you purchase a Subscription through our Website (or otherwise exclusively using a method of distance communication), then, subject to the provisions of this section 12, you have the right to change your mind and cancel the Contract for any reason during the period described in sections 12.2 and 12.3 below. You may exercise this right by: (a) writing to us or e-mailing us; or (b) completing a copy of the model cancellation form below (“Cancellation Notice”) and sending it to us at the postal or e-mail address given in section 1.

Model Cancellation Form

To: Incorporated Council of Law Reporting for England and Wales, Megarry House, 119 Chancery Lane, London WC2A 1PP
E-mail address: subscriptions@iclr.co.uk

I/We(*) hereby give notice that I/We(*) cancel my/our(*) contract for the provision of the following service:
Ordered on(*) / received on(*)

Name of consumer(s),

Address of consumer(s),

Signature of consumer (only if this form is notified on paper)

Date

(*) Please delete if not applicable

You may wish to keep a copy of your Cancellation Notice for your records. If you send your Cancellation Notice by e-mail or by post, then the cancellation is effective from the date you send us the e-mail or post the letter (“Cancellation Date”).

12.2 If your Subscription is to the Online Reports and/or the Online Service, in order to preserve your consumer right of cancellation you are not permitted to access the Online Reports and/or the Online Service for 14 days after the Contract between you and us is formed in accordance with section 2. You can exercise your right to cancel the Contract at any time during these 14 days (“Cancellation Period”) provided you have not used the service. If you request earlier access and/or you use the Online Reports and/or the Online Service during the 14-day period, you: (a) expressly agree that we may begin to make the Online Reports and/or Online Service available to you during the Cancellation Period; and (b) acknowledge that your right to cancel the Contract will be lost.

12.3 If your Subscription is to the Printed Reports, you can exercise your right to cancel the Contract within 14 days from the date that the first Printed Reports are delivered to you in the Subscription Period. If you exercise this right to cancel, you will need to return all copies of the Printed Reports that you have received to us as soon as possible (and in any event, within 14 days of the Cancellation Date). Unless the Printed Reports are faulty or not as described (in which case we will pay the reasonable costs of returning the Printed Reports to us), you will be responsible for the cost of returning the Printed Reports to us. You have a legal obligation to take reasonable care of the Printed Reports while they are in your possession or control.

12.4 You will receive a full refund of the price you have paid for the Subscription and, if applicable, any delivery charges you paid to receive the Printed Reports. We will process the refund due to you as soon as possible and, in any case, within 14 days of the Cancellation Date.

12.5 Advice about your legal right to cancel the Contract is available from your local Citizens’ Advice Bureau or Trading Standards office.

13. OTHER IMPORTANT INFORMATION

13.1 We may amend these Terms and Conditions from time to time. Every time you wish to place an order with us, you should check these Terms and Conditions to ensure you understand the terms and conditions which will apply at that time. If you are a Consumer and have taken out a Subscription with us, we may need to amend or add to these Terms and Conditions as they apply to your Subscription from time to time, provided that: (a) save if such amendment or addition is due to a change in law or for security reasons, we shall provide you with at least 14 days’ notice of such amendment or addition; and (b) if you are dissatisfied with such amendments or additions, you may cancel your Subscription by e-mailing us at subscriptions@iclr.co.uk requesting a cancellation and setting out your reasons for this request.

13.2 You shall not assign or transfer any of your rights or obligations under the Contract without our prior written consent.

13.3 We shall not be liable for any delay or failure to perform our obligations under the Contract to the extent that and for so long as such delay or failure results from circumstances beyond our reasonable control (an “Event of Force Majeure”). We will notify you as soon as reasonably practicable upon becoming aware of an Event of Force Majeure. If an Event of Force Majeure continues for a period exceeding two (2) months, we may terminate the Contract immediately on giving written notice to you.

13.4 The Contract is not intended to benefit anyone other than the parties to it and, in particular, no provision of the Contract shall be enforceable under the Contracts (Rights of Third Parties) Act 1999 or otherwise by a third party.

13.5 If you are a Business Customer, the following sub-sections apply:

13.5.1 The Contract constitutes the entire agreement between the parties in relation to its subject matter, and replaces and extinguishes all prior agreements, draft agreements, arrangements, undertakings, or collateral contracts of any nature made by the parties, whether oral or written, in relation to that subject matter.

13.5.2 Each party acknowledges that in entering into the Contract it has not relied upon any oral or written statements, collateral or other warranties, assurances, undertakings or representations which were made by or on behalf of the other party in relation to the subject matter of the Contract at any time before it is made (together “Pre-Contractual Statements“), other than those which are set out expressly in the Contract.

13.5.3 Each party hereby waives all rights and remedies which might otherwise be available to it in relation to such Pre-Contractual Statements, but for section 13.5.2. Nothing in section 13.5.2 or this section 13.5.3 shall exclude or restrict the liability of either party arising out of its pre-contract fraudulent misrepresentation or fraudulent concealment.

13.6 The failure of either party to enforce or to exercise any term of the Contract does not constitute a waiver of such term and shall in no way affect that party’s right later to enforce or to exercise it.

13.7 If any provision or part-provision of the Contract is or becomes invalid, illegal or unenforceable, it shall be deemed modified to the minimum extent necessary to make it valid, legal and enforceable. If such modification is not possible, the relevant provision or part-provision shall be deemed deleted. Any modification to or deletion of a provision or part-provision under this section 13.7 shall not affect the validity and enforceability of the rest of the Contract.

13.8 If you are a Business Customer, no variation of the Contract shall be effective unless it is in writing and signed by the parties (or their authorised representatives).

13.9 Nothing in the Contract shall be deemed to constitute a partnership or joint venture, or create a relationship of principal and agent for any purpose between the parties.

13.10 These Terms and Conditions and any Order Form or Online Form are made available in the English language only. The language of the Contract will be English.

13.11 The Contract and any dispute or claim arising out of or in connection with it or its subject matter or formation (including any non-contractual disputes or claims) shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the law of England and Wales.

13.12 If you are a Business Customer, each party irrevocably agrees that the courts of England and Wales shall have exclusive jurisdiction to settle any dispute or claim arising out of or in connection with the Contract or its subject matter or formation (including non-contractual disputes or claims).

13.13 If you are a Consumer and you are a resident in the United Kingdom or the European Union you may bring any dispute which may arise under these Terms and Conditions to, at your discretion, either the competent court of England, or to the competent court of your country of habitual residence if this country of habitual residence is within the United Kingdom or is an EU Member State, which courts are (with the exclusion of any other court) competent to settle any of such a dispute. We shall bring any dispute which may arise under these Terms to the competent court of your country of habitual residence if this is within the United Kingdom or is in an EU Member State or otherwise the competent court of England.

13.14 If you are a Consumer and you are a resident in the United Kingdom or the European Union and we direct the Online Reports and/or Online Service to your country of habitual residence, you will benefit from any mandatory provisions of the law of the country in which you are resident. Nothing in these Terms and Conditions, including section 13.11, affects your rights as a consumer to rely on such mandatory provisions of local law.

13.15 If you are a Consumer resident in the European Union and you wish to have more information on online dispute resolution, please follow this link to the website of the European Commission: http://ec.europa.eu/consumers/odr/. This link is provided as required by Regulation (EU) No 524/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council, for information purposes only. We are neither willing nor obliged to participate in online dispute resolution.

14. MODERN SLAVERY, ETC

14.1 In this section “Modern Slavery” has the same meaning as in Part 1 of the of the Modern Slavery Act 2015 (c. 30).

14.2 We warrant that in performing our obligations under this contract we will ensure that all applicable laws in relation to Modern Slavery have been followed and complied with by our employees, agents, and sub-contractors.

14.3 We will undertake to investigate or cooperate with any official investigation of Modern Slavery in connection with any of our operations and supply chains and to notify you as soon as practicable if we become aware of any such actual, suspected or anticipated Modern Slavery within our operations or supply chains.

14.4 In the event of any such notification as is referred to in section 13.3 you will be entitled to terminate the contract under section 11.3(a) on grounds of material breach of contract.

14.3 We will endeavour at all times to conduct our business in an ethical manner, and to manage our finances and investments in accordance with our Ethical Investment Policy, a copy of which will be supplied on request: E-mail: subscriptions@iclr.co.uk, Telephone: +44 (0)207 242 6471.

Terms and Conditions (General Subscribers) last updated 9 June 2025.

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Academic Users

ICLR Terms and Conditions for Academic Subscribers

These terms and conditions (“Terms and Conditions”) apply if you are an academic institution. If you are a business customer or a consumer, the ‘General Subscribers Terms and Conditions apply (available at https://www.iclr.co.uk/about/terms-and-conditions/general-subscribers/)

These Terms and Conditions explain the legal terms on which we provide our products and services to you (whether you order through the website or otherwise (e.g. using an order form)).

Please note that: (a) we only use personal information in accordance with our Privacy Policy (available at https://www.iclr.co.uk/about/terms-and-conditions/privacy-and-cookies/) and (b) our website uses cookies, as further detailed in our Cookies Policy (available at: https://www.iclr.co.uk/about/terms-and-conditions/cookies-policy/). In addition, use of our website is governed by our Website Terms of Use (available at https://www.iclr.co.uk/about/terms-and-conditions/website-terms/) and you agree to comply with its terms. Please read these documents carefully as they contain important information about our practices and your use of our products and services.

1. ABOUT US AND OUR PRODUCTS AND SERVICES

1.2 If you have any questions or experience any problems with your order, please contact us and we will be happy to assist you: E-mail: subscriptions@iclr.co.uk, Telephone: +44 (0)207 242 6471.

2. PLACING ORDERS

2.1 You can place an order to purchase a Subscription by contacting us and completing our paper order form (“Order Form”).

2.2 To place an order to purchase a Subscription using our Order Form, you will need to complete and sign the Order Form and return it to us (“Offline Order”). Please note that this does not mean that your Offline Order has been accepted. Your submission of a signed Order Form represents an offer by you to purchase the relevant Subscription from us. Your order is only accepted, and a binding contract formed, in accordance with section 2.3.

2.3 Your order is only accepted for Offline Orders, when we sign the Order Form or if we invoice you for the Subscription described in the Order Form, whichever is the earlier, and this is the point that a binding contract is made between you and us, subject to and incorporating these Terms and Conditions and the Order Form (the “Contract”).

2.4 We suggest you print off a copy of these Terms and Conditions and that you keep a copy of the Order Form and any correspondence between you and us for your records.

3. THE REPORTS

3.1 Within 10 working days of the date of the Contract, we will send you a copy of any Printed Reports within your Subscription and/or access details for the Online Reports and/or the Online Service (as applicable). The risk in any Printed Reports and the responsibility to insure them will pass to you when the relevant Printed Reports are delivered to you.

3.2 Unless otherwise stated on the Order Form:

3.2.1 in the case of Online Reports, your Subscription shall include all available archives of the relevant Online Reports since the date of their first publication; and

4. YOUR USE OF THE REPORTS AND THE ONLINE SERVICE

4.1 You may, and may permit any Authorised Users (if applicable) to subject to these Terms and Conditions, use the Reports and Online Service (as applicable) to which your Subscription relates, in accordance with these Terms and Conditions, for the following purposes:

4.1.1 academic research or study (including use in scholarly publications and presentation of such research at academic conferences);

4.1.2 providing academic services to students;

4.1.3 providing professional advice in connection with a lawful trade or profession (including providing professional legal services to your clients);

4.1.4 citing and/or arguing cases before a Court of law; and

4.1.5 exercising any judicial office or function,

(together the “Permitted Purposes”).

4.2 You may, as required for the Permitted Purposes and as permitted by law:

4.2.1 read, search, view, download and print individual case Reports (as applicable);

4.2.2 copy, quote and excerpt insubstantial extracts from the Reports; and

4.4 You are not permitted to:

4.4.1 re-sell the Reports (or parts of them) or the Online Service;

4.4.2 modify the content of the Reports or the Online Service;

4.4.3 remove, conceal or obliterate any copyright or other proprietary notices included on the Reports or the Online Service;

4.4.4 store any Online Reports in any form of database whether current or archival which is intended for the storage, and/or provision to its users, of access to know-how (save that, for the avoidance of doubt, this shall not prevent you storing information and/or the Online Reports on a temporary basis on a learning portal or other internal educational resource provided that access to the portal/resource is restricted to enrolled students only); or

4.5 You must comply, and ensure all Authorised Users comply, with all applicable laws relating to your use of the Reports and the Online Service.

Authorised Users

4.6 Where the Order Form sets out a number of authorised users, this means the number of individuals at the location specified in the Order Form who are authorised by you to access the Online Reports and/or the Online Service (as applicable) (“Authorised Users”).

4.7 You will use all reasonable endeavours to:

4.7.1 ensure that all Authorised Users comply with these Terms and Conditions and, in particular, with this section 4; and

4.7.2 prevent unauthorised access to the Reports and/or the Online Service (as applicable).

4.8 In relation to the Authorised Users, you undertake that the maximum number of Authorised Users that you authorise to access and use the Online Repots and/or Online Services (as applicable) shall not exceed the number set out in the Order Form.

Indemnity

4.9 You agree to indemnify us fully and hold us harmless from, all claims, costs, damages, losses and expenses (including all reasonably incurred legal expenses) incurred by us, whether in contract, tort (including negligence), breach of statutory duty, misrepresentation or otherwise arising out of or in connection with: (a) any failure by you or any Authorised User to comply with the provisions of this section 4; (b) the provision of extracts or full case reports to third parties by you or any Authorised User (other than in accordance with these Terms and Conditions) ; or (c) otherwise arising out of or in connection with any breach of the Contract by you or any Authorised User. You are only liable under this section 4.9 for the acts or omissions of your Authorised Users to the extent that you have failed to comply with your obligations in sections 4.7 and 4.8.

Audit

4.10 We may, from time to time, monitor your usage of the Online Service and the Online Reports and/or perform routine checks to ensure that such usage is in compliance with these Terms and Conditions (and, in particular, with this section 4). You agree to provide such information and cooperation as we may reasonably request in relation to such audit. We reserve the right to terminate the Contract immediately if we reasonably consider that you, or any Authorised User, have persistently or materially failed to comply with the provisions of this section 4.

5. SUBSCRIPTION PERIOD

Contracts made via Offline Orders

5.1 In relation to Contracts made via Offline Orders, the “Subscription Period” means:

5.1.1 in relation to Printed Reports: the Subscription Period will commence on 1 January and shall end on 31 December in the year specified in the Order Form; and

5.1.2 in relation to Online Reports and the Online Service (as applicable): the Subscription Period will commence on the date your order was accepted (unless otherwise stated in the Order Form) and shall last for a period of twelve (12) months from that date (or for such other period as may be set out in the Order Form); or

5.1.3 such other period of time specified in your Order Form.

6. SUBSCRIPTION FEE AND PAYMENT

6.1 You must pay the subscription fee detailed in the Order Form (as applicable) or as notified to you from time to time (“Subscription Fee“). We reserve the right to suspend or cancel your access to the Reports and/or the Online Service until you have paid the Subscription Fee for the Subscription Period.

6.2 Once you have paid the Subscription Fee for the Subscription Period, you will not be entitled to receive any refund for that Subscription Period, regardless of whether the Contract is terminated in accordance with section 11.

6.4 Unless you pay the Subscription Fee by cash, credit or debit card when you place your order, we will invoice you for the Subscription Fee (by email or letter). Unless otherwise specified in the Order Form, you will pay each invoice in full within 30 days of the invoice date.

6.5 For clarity, all subscription fees quoted on the website are for a calendar year. Despite our best efforts, some subscription fees and other prices listed on our website may be incorrect. We are under no obligation to provide the Reports and/or the Online Service to you at the incorrect (lower) price, even after we have sent you a confirmation, if the pricing error is obvious and unmistakeable and could have reasonably been recognised by you as a mis-pricing.

7. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY

7.3 You will promptly inform us if you become aware of:

7.3.1 any unauthorised use of the Reports and/or the Online Service;

7.3.2 any actual, threatened, or suspected infringement of any of our IPR in the Reports and/or the Online Service; or

7.3.3 any claim by any third party that the Reports and/or the Online Service infringe the IPR of any other person.

8. CONFIDENTIALITY AND PRIVACY

8.1 Due to the nature of the products and services we provide, certain information is valuable to us and we have to ensure that this information is protected. When we refer to “Confidential Information” in these Terms and Conditions, we mean: the terms of the Contract, all matters relating to or connected with the operation of the Contract and all information or data belonging to us that is of a confidential nature that comes into your possession or knowledge as a consequence of the Contract (including details of our pricing practices).

8.3 The provisions of section 8.2 shall not apply to Confidential Information which: (a) you are able to prove was already in your possession without an obligation of confidence at the date it was received or obtained; (b) you obtain from another source independent of the Contract; (c) comes into the public domain otherwise than through your default or negligence; (d) is independently developed by or for you; or (e) you are required to disclose by law, or by any governmental, public authority or other regulatory body (including for the purposes of compliance with any mandatory disclosure or audit obligations) provided that you will, if lawful and practicable, supply a copy of the required disclosure to us before it is disclosed and incorporate any amendments or additions that we may reasonably request.

8.4 You will use all reasonable endeavours to ensure that your personnel, sub-contractors, agents and Authorised Users comply the terms of this section 8.

9. WARRANTIES

9.1 We warrant that we own or have obtained all necessary rights, licences or consents to provide the Reports and the Online Service (if applicable) to you in accordance with the Contract.

9.2 The Reports and Online Service (if applicable) are provided to you on an “as is” basis. All warranties, conditions or terms not set out in the Contract and which would otherwise be implied or incorporated into the Contract by statute, common law or otherwise are excluded to the maximum extent permitted by law. We make no warranty or representation that the Reports, the Online Service or any part of them are free from errors or omissions.

10. LIABILITY

10.3 SUBJECT TO SECTION 10.1, WE SHALL UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR ANY LOSS OF PROFITS (WHETHER DIRECT OR INDIRECT), BUSINESS, CONTRACTS, ANTICIPATED SAVINGS, WASTED MANAGEMENT TIME, GOODWILL, OR REVENUE, OR ANY LOSS OR CORRUPTION OF DATA, OR ANY INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL LOSS OR DAMAGE WHATSOEVER, HOWEVER ARISING, EVEN IF WE HAVE BEEN ADVISED IN ADVANCE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH LOSS OR DAMAGE.

10.4 SUBJECT TO SECTION 10.1, WE SHALL UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES HAVE ANY LIABILITY TO YOU, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), BREACH OF STATUTORY DUTY, MISREPRESENTATION OR OTHERWISE, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH: (A) YOUR INABILITY OR FAILURE TO PERFORM ANY LEGAL OR OTHER RESEARCH RELATED WORK OR TO PERFORM SUCH LEGAL OR OTHER RESEARCH OR RELATED WORK PROPERLY OR COMPLETELY; OR (B) ANY DECISION MADE OR ACTION TAKEN BY YOU IN RELIANCE ON THE REPORTS AND/OR THE ONLINE SERVICE.

10.5 THE REPORTS AND ONLINE SERVICE WE PROVIDE ARE NOT INTENDED TO AND DO NOT CONSTITUTE LEGAL OR OTHER ADVICE ON WHICH RELIANCE SHOULD BE PLACED. NO CLIENT-SOLICITOR/BARRISTER RELATIONSHIP IS FORMED BY VIRTUE OF OUR SUPPLY OF THE REPORTS AND/OR THE ONLINE SERVICE TO YOU.

11. TERM AND TERMINATION

11.2 Either you or we may (without prejudice to our or your other rights) terminate the Contract by giving written notice to the other party if: (a) the other party commits a material breach of any of its obligations under the Contract and (if such breach can be remedied) fails to remedy the breach within 30 days of the non-defaulting party’s written notice to do so; (b) the other party suspends, or threatens to suspend, payment of its debts or is unable to pay its debts as they fall due or admits inability to pay its debts or (being a company or limited liability partnership) is deemed unable to pay its debts within the meaning of section 123 of the Insolvency Act 1986 or (being an individual) is deemed either unable to pay its debts or as having no reasonable prospect of so doing, in either case, within the meaning of section 268 of the Insolvency Act 1986 or (being a partnership) has any partner to whom any of the foregoing apply; (c) the other party commences negotiations with all or any class of its creditors with a view to rescheduling any of its debts, or makes a proposal for or enters into any compromise or arrangement with its creditors; (d) a petition is filed, a notice is given, a resolution is passed, or an order is made, for or in connection with the winding up of that other party; (e) an application is made to court, or an order is made, for the appointment of an administrator, or if a notice of intention to appoint an administrator is given or if an administrator is appointed, over the other party (being a company); (f) the other party (being an individual) is the subject of a bankruptcy petition or order; (g) any event occurs, or proceeding is taken, with respect to the other party in any jurisdiction to which it is subject that has an effect equivalent or similar to any of the events mentioned in (b) to (f) (inclusive).

11.3 We may terminate the Contract immediately on written notice to you if: (a) you fail to pay any amount due under the Contract on the due date for payment and you remain in default not less than 30 days after being notified to make such payment; or (b) any agreement between us and any third party provider of any part of the Reports and/or the Online Service is terminated (in which case, we will refund such proportion of the Subscription Fee already paid by you as relates to the part or parts of the Subscription which will no longer be available to you).

11.4 Upon termination for any reason: (a) all rights granted to you under the Contract shall immediately cease; (b) you shall immediately cease all activities authorised by the Contract; (c) you shall immediately pay to us any sums due to us under the Contract; and (d) as soon as reasonably practicable, and in any event within 14 days following such termination, you shall destroy and, if requested, return to us any and all copies of any Confidential Information in your possession, custody or control and, if requested by us, certify to us that you have done so.

11.5 Any provision of the Contract that expressly or by implication is intended to come into or continue in force on or after termination or expiry (including those under sections 4.4, 4.9, 7.1, 7.2, 8, 10, 11.4, 11.5, 12.4, 12.10 -12.14 (inclusive) of these Terms and Conditions) shall remain in full force and effect.

12. OTHER IMPORTANT INFORMATION

12.1 We may amend these Terms and Conditions from time to time. Every time you wish to place an order with us, you should check these Terms and Conditions to ensure you understand the terms and conditions which will apply at that time.

12.2 You shall not assign or transfer any of your rights or obligations under the Contract without our prior written consent.

12.3 We shall not be liable for any delay or failure to perform our obligations under the Contract to the extent that and for so long as such delay or failure results from circumstances beyond our reasonable control (an “Event of Force Majeure”). We will notify you as soon as reasonably practicable upon becoming aware of an Event of Force Majeure. If an Event of Force Majeure continues for a period exceeding two (2) months, we may terminate the Contract immediately on giving written notice to you.

12.4 The Contract is not intended to benefit anyone other than the parties to it and, in particular, no provision of the Contract shall be enforceable under the Contracts (Rights of Third Parties) Act 1999 or otherwise by a third party.

12.5 The Contract constitutes the entire agreement between the parties in relation to its subject matter, and replaces and extinguishes all prior agreements, draft agreements, arrangements, undertakings, or collateral contracts of any nature made by the parties, whether oral or written, in relation to that subject matter.

12.6 Each party acknowledges that in entering into the Contract it has not relied upon any oral or written statements, collateral or other warranties, assurances, undertakings or representations which were made by or on behalf of the other party in relation to the subject-matter of the Contract at any time before it is made (together “Pre-Contractual Statements”), other than those which are set out expressly in the Contract.

12.7 Each party hereby waives all rights and remedies which might otherwise be available to it in relation to such Pre-Contractual Statements, but for section 12.5. Nothing in section 12.6 or this section 12.7 shall exclude or restrict the liability of either party arising out of its pre-contract fraudulent misrepresentation or fraudulent concealment.

12.8 The failure of either party to enforce or to exercise any term of the Contract does not constitute a waiver of such term and shall in no way affect that party’s right later to enforce or to exercise it.

12.9 If any provision or part-provision of the Contract is or becomes invalid, illegal or unenforceable, it shall be deemed modified to the minimum extent necessary to make it valid, legal and enforceable. If such modification is not possible, the relevant provision or part-provision shall be deemed deleted. Any modification to or deletion of a provision or part-provision under this section 12.9 shall not affect the validity and enforceability of the rest of the Contract.

12.10 No variation of the Contract shall be effective unless it is in writing and signed by the parties (or their authorised representatives).

12.11 Nothing in the Contract shall be deemed to constitute a partnership or joint venture, or create a relationship of principal and agent for any purpose between the parties.

12.12 These Terms and Conditions and any Order Form are made available in the English language only. The language of the Contract will be English.

12.13 The Contract and any dispute or claim arising out of or in connection with it or its subject matter or formation (including any non-contractual disputes or claims) shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the law of England and Wales.

12.14 Each party irrevocably agrees that the courts of England and Wales shall have non-exclusive jurisdiction to settle any dispute or claim arising out of or in connection with the Contract or its subject matter or formation (including non-contractual disputes or claims).

13. MODERN SLAVERY, etc

13.1 In this section “Modern Slavery” has the same meaning as in Part 1 of the of the Modern Slavery Act 2015 (c. 30).

13.2 We warrant that in performing our obligations under this contract we will ensure that all applicable laws in relation to Modern Slavery have been followed and complied with by our employees, agents, and sub-contractors.

13.3 We will undertake to investigate or cooperate with any official investigation of Modern Slavery in connection with any of our operations and supply chains and to notify you as soon as practicable if we become aware of any such actual, suspected or anticipated Modern Slavery within our operations or supply chains.

13.4 In the event of any such notification as is referred to in section 13.3 you will be entitled to terminate the contract under section 11.3(a) on grounds of material breach of contract.

13.3 We will endeavour at all times to conduct our business in an ethical manner, and to manage our finances and investments in accordance with our Ethical Investment Policy, a copy of which will be supplied on request: E-mail: subscriptions@iclr.co.uk, Telephone: +44 (0)207 242 6471.

Terms and Conditions (Academic Subscribers) last updated 9 June 2025.

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Terms of Use

ICLR Terms of Use for all users

These terms of use (together with the documents referred to in these terms of use) (“Terms of Use“) explain the legal terms on which we allow you to use our Website www.iclr.co.uk (“Website“), whether as a guest or a registered user of our online services.

PLEASE READ THESE TERMS OF USE CAREFULLY BEFORE YOU START TO USE OUR WEBSITE AS THESE WILL APPLY TO YOUR USE OF OUR WEBSITE. BY ACCESSING, BROWSING OR OTHERWISE USING OUR WEBSITE, YOU CONFIRM THAT YOU ACCEPT THESE TERMS OF USE AND THAT YOU AGREE TO COMPLY WITH THEM. IF YOU DO NOT AGREE TO THESE TERMS OF USE, YOU SHOULD LEAVE OUR WEBSITE IMMEDIATELY AND YOU MUST NOT USE OUR WEBSITE AGAIN.

Please note that: (a) we only use personal information in accordance with our Privacy Policy (available at https://www.iclr.co.uk/about/terms-and-conditions/privacy-and-cookies/) and (b) our Website uses cookies, as further detailed in our Cookies Policy (available at: https://www.iclr.co.uk/about/terms-and-conditions/cookies-policy/). Please read these documents carefully as they contain important information about our practices and your use of our products and services. By accepting these Terms of Use, you consent to us handling your personal data and using cookies, as described in our Privacy and Cookies Policies.

We may amend these Terms of Use from time to time by amending this page. You should check this page regularly to ensure you understand the Terms of Use that apply at that time.

1. ABOUT US

1.1 We are the Incorporated Council of Law Reporting for England and Wales, a company limited by guarantee (company number 00005034) and we operate the Website. Our registered address is Megarry House, 119 Chancery Lane, London WC2A 1PP and our VAT number is 232390976.

1.2 If you have any questions or experience any problems using the Website, please contact us and we will be happy to assist you: E-mail: enquiries@iclr.co.uk / Telephone: +44 (0)207 242 6471.

1.3 In these Terms of Use, references to “we“, “us“, “our” or “ICLR” mean us, the Incorporated Council of Law Reporting for England and Wales. References to “you” and “your” mean you, the person using our Website.

2. OUR WEBSITE

2.1 If you have purchased a subscription to our online services from us, we will make the online services available to you in accordance with our applicable terms and conditions of service (“Terms and Conditions“).

2.2 Our Website is made available free of charge. We use every effort to make our Website and the content on it available to you, however we cannot guarantee that our Website, or any content on it, will be available at all times, or that your access will be uninterrupted. Access to our Website is permitted on a temporary basis. We may suspend, withdraw, discontinue or change all or any part of our Website without notice if circumstances beyond our reasonable control make this necessary. We will not be liable to you if for any reason our Website is unavailable at any time or for any period.

2.3 You are responsible for making all arrangements necessary for you to have access to our Website. You are also responsible for ensuring that all persons who access our Website through your internet connection are aware of these Terms of Use and that they comply with them.

2.4 WE DO NOT GUARANTEE THAT THE WEBSITE, OR ANY CONTENT ON IT, WILL BE FREE FROM ERRORS OR OMISSIONS. WE USE REASONABLE EFFORTS TO INCLUDE ONLY ACCURATE AND UP-TO-DATE INFORMATION ON THE WEBSITE; HOWEVER WE MAKE NO REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES OR GUARANTEES, WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, CONCERNING SUCH INFORMATION.

2.5 The Website and the content on it are provided for general information purposes only. They are not intended to and do not constitute legal or other advice on which reliance should be placed. No client-solicitor/barrister relationship is formed by virtue of our making the Website and the content on it available to you. You must obtain professional or specialist advice before taking, or refraining from, any action on the basis of the content on our Website.

2.6 Where our Website contains links to other websites and resources provided by third parties, these links are provided for your information only. We have no control over the contents of those websites or resources and we assume no responsibility for them. Your use of the linked websites or resources is entirely at your own risk. Any such links should not be interpreted as an endorsement by us of those linked websites or resources.

3. YOUR ACCOUNT AND PASSWORD

3.1 If you purchase a subscription to our online services, you will be [provided with] OR [asked to provide] an account username and password as part of our security procedures. You must treat such information as confidential and you must not disclose it to any third party.

3.2 If your subscription is a multi-user subscription, those persons authorised to access our online services by virtue of your subscription (“Authorised Users“) will be [provided with] OR [asked to provide] account user names and passwords as part of our security procedures. You will: (i) use all reasonable endeavours to ensure that such Authorised Users treat such information as confidential and do not disclose it to third parties; and (ii) ensure that the number of Authorised Users does not exceed the permitted number of users included within your subscription.

3.3 We reserve the right to change usernames and/or passwords at any time if required for security purposes. We will notify you of such changes as soon as reasonably practicable before making such changes. We have the right to disable any account user names and/or passwords, at any time, if in our reasonable opinion, you (or any Authorised User) fail to comply with any of the provisions of these Terms of Use.

4. OUR RIGHTS

4.1 Without prejudice to the copyright and other intellectual property rights (if any) which the Crown or any third party may own in the transcripts or reports from which the reports published on our Website are derived, we are the owner or licensee of all intellectual property rights in the Website and its content, the ICLR name and mark and any ICLR product names. Those works are protected by copyright laws and treaties around the world. All such rights are reserved.

4.2 You are not granted any right to use, and may not use, any of our intellectual property rights other than as set out in these Terms of Use and, if you purchase a subscription from us, as set out in the Terms and Conditions.

4.3 No part of the Website, including, without limitation, the text, designs, graphics, photographs and images contained in it, may be copied, reproduced, republished, uploaded, re-posted, modified, transmitted, distributed or otherwise used in any way for any non-personal, public or commercial purpose without our prior written consent or, if you purchase a subscription from us, other than in accordance with our Terms and Conditions.

4.4 Any communications or materials you send to us through the Website by electronic mail or other means will be treated as non-proprietary and non-confidential (other than communications in respect of the online services we provide to you if you purchase a subscription). We are free to publish, display, post, distribute and otherwise use any ideas, suggestions, concepts, designs, know-how and other information contained in such communications or material for any purpose.

5. OUR LIABILITY

5.1 Nothing in these Terms of Use excludes or limits our liability for: (i) death or personal injury caused by our negligence; (ii) fraud or fraudulent misrepresentation; or (iii) any matter in respect of which it would be unlawful for us to exclude or restrict our liability.

5.2 THE WEBSITE IS MADE AVAILABLE “AS IS” AND, TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, WE EXCLUDE ALL CONDITIONS, WARRANTIES, REPRESENTATIONS OR OTHER TERMS WHICH MAY APPLY TO OUR WEBSITE OR ANY CONTENT ON IT, WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED.

5.3 SUBJECT TO SECTION 5.1, WE WILL NOT UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES BE LIABLE TO ANY USER FOR ANY LOSS OR DAMAGE, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), BREACH OF STATUTORY DUTY, OR OTHERWISE, EVEN IF FORESEEABLE, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH: (I) USE OF, OR INABILITY TO USE, OUR WEBSITE; OR (II) USE OF OR RELIANCE ON ANY CONTENT DISPLAYED ON OUR WEBSITE.

5.4 IF YOU ARE A BUSINESS USER, PLEASE NOTE THAT IN PARTICULAR AND SUBJECT TO SECTION 5.1, WE WILL NOT UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES BE LIABLE FOR ANY: (I) LOSS OF PROFITS, SALES, BUSINESS, OR REVENUE (WHETHER DIRECT OR INDIRECT); (II) BUSINESS INTERRUPTION OR WASTED MANAGEMENT TIME; (III) LOSS OF ANTICIPATED SAVINGS; (IV) LOSS OF BUSINESS OPPORTUNITY, GOODWILL OR REPUTATION; (V) LOSS OR CORRUPTION OF DATA; OR (VI) ANY INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL LOSS OR DAMAGE.

5.5 WE WILL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOSS OR DAMAGE CAUSED BY A VIRUS, DISTRIBUTED DENIAL-OF-SERVICE ATTACK, OR OTHER TECHNOLOGICALLY HARMFUL MATERIAL THAT MAY INFECT YOUR COMPUTER EQUIPMENT, COMPUTER PROGRAMS, DATA OR OTHER PROPRIETARY MATERIAL DUE TO YOUR USE OF OUR WEBSITE OR TO YOUR DOWNLOADING OF ANY CONTENT ON IT, OR ON ANY WEBSITE LINKED TO IT.

5.6 Different limitations and exclusions of liability will apply to liability arising as a result of the supply of our online services to you if you have purchased a subscription from us. These are set out in our Terms and Conditions for Subscribers of ICLR Online.

6. YOUR CONDUCT

6.1 You may use our Website for lawful purposes only. You may not use our Website: (i) in any way that breaches any applicable local, national or international law or regulation; (ii) in any way that is unlawful or fraudulent, or has any unlawful or fraudulent purpose or effect; (iii) for the purpose of harming or attempting to harm minors or others in any way; (iv) to send, knowingly receive, upload, download, use or re-use any material which does not comply with our Acceptable Use Standards (which are set out in section 7.1 below); (v) to transmit, or procure the sending of, any unsolicited or unauthorised advertising or promotional material or any other form of similar solicitation (spam); or (vi) to knowingly transmit any data, send or upload any material that contains viruses, trojan horses, worms, time-bombs, keystroke loggers, spyware, adware or any other harmful programs or similar computer code designed to adversely affect the operation of any computer software or hardware.

6.2 You also agree not to access without authority, interfere with, damage or disrupt: (i) any part of our Website; (ii) any equipment or network on which our site is stored; (iii) any software used in the provision of our Website or services; or (iv) any equipment or network or software owned or used by any third party.

6.3 Other than to the extent permitted by applicable law, you shall not (and shall not permit any third party to): (i) decompile, reverse engineer, disassemble, or otherwise reduce the Website or any content on it to a human-readable form; (ii) modify or make any alterations, additions or amendments to the Website or any content on it; or (iii) combine the whole or any part of the Website or any content on it with any other software, data or material.

7. INTERACTIVE FEATURES

7.1 Whenever you make use of a feature that allows you to upload content to our Website, or to make contact with other users of our Website, you must comply with the following content standards (“Acceptable Use Standards“):

Contributions must:

Be accurate (where they state facts).
Be genuinely held (where they state opinions).
Comply with applicable law in the UK and in any country from which they are posted.

Contributions must not:

Contain any material which is defamatory of any person, obscene, offensive, hateful or inflammatory.
Promote sexually explicit material, violence, any illegal activity or discrimination based on race, sex, religion, nationality, disability, sexual orientation or age.
Infringe any copyright, database right or trade mark of any other person or be made in breach of any legal duty owed to a third party, such as a contractual duty or a duty of confidence.
Be threatening, abuse or invade another’s privacy, or cause annoyance, inconvenience or needless anxiety.
Be likely to harass, upset, embarrass, alarm or annoy any other person.
Be likely to deceive any person or to impersonate any person, or to misrepresent your identity or affiliation with any person.
Give the impression that they emanate from us, if this is not the case.
Advocate, promote or assist any unlawful act such as (by way of example only) copyright infringement or computer misuse.

7.2 You warrant that any contribution you make complies with the Acceptable Use Standards, and you will be liable to us and indemnify us for any breach of that warranty (this means you will be responsible for any loss or damage we suffer as a result of your breach of warranty).

7.3 Any content you upload to our Website will be considered non-confidential and non-proprietary, and we have the right to use, copy, distribute and disclose to third parties any such content for any purpose.

7.4 We also have the right to disclose your identity to any third party who is claiming that any content posted or uploaded by you to our Website constitutes a violation of their intellectual property rights, or of their right to privacy.

7.5 We will not be responsible, or liable to any third party, for the content or accuracy of any content posted by you or any other user of our Website.

7.6 We have the right to remove any posting you make on our Website if, in our opinion, your post does not comply with the Acceptable Use Standards.

7.7 The views expressed by other users on our Website do not represent our views or values.

8. VIRUSES

8.1 We do not guarantee that our Website will be secure or free from bugs or viruses. You are responsible for configuring your information technology, computer programs and platform in order to access our Website and we recommend that you use your own virus protection software.

8.2 You must not misuse our Website by knowingly introducing viruses, trojans, worms, logic bombs or other material which is malicious or technologically harmful. You must not attempt to gain unauthorised access to our Website, the server on which our Website is stored or any server, computer or database connected to our Website. You must not attack our Website via a denial-of-service attack or a distributed denial-of-service attack. By breaching this provision, you would commit a criminal offence under the Computer Misuse Act 1990. We will report any such breach to the relevant law enforcement authorities and we will co-operate with those authorities by disclosing your identity to them. In the event of such a breach, your right to use our Website will cease immediately.

9. GOVERNING LAW AND JURISDICTION

These Terms of Use are governed by English law. You and we both agree that the courts of England and Wales will have exclusive jurisdiction over any disputes.

Thank you for visiting our Website.

Download PDF version.

Privacy Policy

This section holds information about how we use and store your data.

Your data and privacy

The Incorporated Council of Law Reporting website and online platform (www.iclr.co.uk) is operated by the Incorporated Council of Law Reporting for England and Wales (us, we, our or ICLR). We are registered under company number 00005034 and have our registered address at Megarry House, 119 Chancery Lane, London WC2A 1PP.

This notice describes how the we use and disclose your personal data. It also describes your data protection rights, including a right to object to some of the processing which ICLR carries out. More information about your rights, and how to exercise them, is set out in the “Your choices and rights” section.

When does ICLR collect personal data about me?

We will collect your personal data when:

You interact with our website
You create an account with us
You provide us with your areas of interest
You submit a request to take a trial to one of our services
You upload content to our website
You sign up to receive marketing updates
You sign up to receive blog updates
You take a paid subscription to any of our services
You participate in our market research
You are involved in or mentioned in a published court or tribunal judgment or in documents published in connection with proceedings

What personal data does ICLR collect about me?

We collect some information directly from you. For example, when you set up an account we will collect:

your personal contact details such as name, title, addresses, telephone numbers and email addresses
your account details such as usernames and passwords
your financial details
your place of work
the area(s) of law you are most interest in
information you upload to the site including your opinions
information about you uploaded to the site by a third party
your feedback and responses to market research
whether you wish to receive marketing updates

We collect some information automatically when you interact with our website or access our products and services. This includes:

your IP address and details of the device you are using such as device ID, operating system and browser
details related to your account history such as start and end dates for trials and subscriptions, the products you currently and have previously subscribed to and records of invoices and payments
usage data, including but not limited to date and time-signatured analytics of the following metrics: (i) the number of search queries executed; (ii) the number of documents viewed; and (iii) the number of times you or your Authorised Users access your subscription, along with the incoming IP address; and
if your subscription includes IP-authenticated access, we will store the IP addresses over which you require access to be provided

We collect some information from third parties, including:

information on how you interact with our marketing materials so that we can ensure the marketing you receive is as relevant to you as possible;
information available from public sources (e.g. the contact details that are published on the website of your organization) which may be collected by us or by market researchers instructed by us;
information relating to your involvement or identification in court or tribunal proceedings and published judgments; and
personal data included in material uploaded by customers using Case Genie to perform a suggested search, which is immediately encrypted for processing and then deleted and not retained.

Why do we process your data?

1. Where you have entered into a contract with us (including a trial) and the processing is necessary to provide you with the relevant goods and service, including:

in order to manage your account membership, including when you have a trial or a subscription, and allow you to access our website and online platform; and
to provide you with services in connection with your use of the platform, including the Case Genie search priming facility.

2. Where the processing is necessary for ICLR’s (or a third-party’s) legitimate business interests (as listed below) and these interests are not overridden by your rights, including:

where your employer has entered into a contract with us to provide you with our services – we would be acting in the legitimate interests of your employer; and
to personalize your feed and that emails we send to you are relevant to your interests;
in certain circumstances, and where permitted by law, we will rely on our legitimate interests to send marketing materials to you; and
in order to improve the functionality of the Case Genie search priming facility.

3. Where we rely on your consent, including where you have opted in to receive content updates and marketing material.

4. For purposes which are required by law, such as in response to requests by government or law enforcement authorities conducting an investigation.

5. In the performance of document analysis as part of the operation of a Case Genie suggested search.

Withdrawing consent or otherwise objecting to direct marketing

Wherever we rely on your consent, you will always be able to withdraw that consent, although we may have other legal grounds for processing your data for other purposes, such as those set out above. In some cases, we are able to send you direct marketing without your consent, where we rely on our legitimate interests. You have an absolute right to opt-out of direct marketing, or profiling we carry out for direct marketing, at any time. You can do this by following the instructions in the communication where this is an electronic message, or by contacting us using the details set out below.

How secure is your data?

ICLR is registered with the Information Commissioner’s Office (ICO) and is fully compliant with the General Data Protection Regulation and the Data Protection Act 2018.

The personal information we collect from you will be stored securely on our electronic systems. Only relevant members of staff have access to the information that you provide to us. Those members of staff will have received appropriate data protection training.

In the event of a data breach, we undertake to use all reasonable means to contact anyone whose data is affected by such breach, and to take all reasonable steps to prevent further data loss. Where such a breach involves the loss of confidential or financial information it may be treated as a material breach for the purposes of termination under either clause 11 of the General Subscriber terms and conditions or clause 11 of the Academic Subscriber terms and conditions.

How long do we keep your data?

Where you have an account to access our website and online platform (including for a trial period) we will store the data related to your account for no more than seven years from the time you last accessed your account.
Where you have opted in to updates and marketing from us, we will store this data for as long as you are subscribed to the update list you elected to subscribe to.
Where we process personal data for marketing purposes or with your consent, we process the data until you ask us to stop and for a short period after this (to allow us to implement your requests). We also keep a record of the fact that you have asked us not to send you direct marketing or to process your data so that we can respect your request in future.
Where your personal data is included in published court documents, we will retain and display it for as long as we are permitted to report or publish details of that case, subject to any judicial or legislative requirement to the contrary.
Where your personal data is included in a document or text uploaded by a customer using the Case Genie suggested search function, the data will be immediately encrypted and will not be retained in any form following completion of the document analysis.

How is my personal data shared?

Our products and services are backed by a range of systems, based in several locations.

This may involve sharing your personal data with various partners and affiliates, such as:

Third party service providers who process the data on our behalf and help us to provide the products and services (such as payment service providers, IT support and cloud storage providers).

This may also involve sending your data to another country:

The servers powering ICLR.4 (including in particular those processing information for Case Genie) are situated in the United Kingdom.
Our internal business servers are situated in the United Kingdom.
Customer data is stored on servers which are situated in France and Germany.
The servers of the email delivery systems which we use are situated in the United States of America.

In the event that personal data is transferred outside of the UK or the EEA to an organisation in a country which is not subject to an adequacy decision by the EU Commission or considered adequate as determined by UK data protection laws, we will take steps to ensure your personal information is adequately protected (e.g. by way EU Commission approved Standard Contractual Clauses or a vendor’s Processor Binding Corporate Rules or by relying on such other data transfer mechanisms as available under applicable data protection laws). A copy of the relevant mechanism can be obtained for your review on request by using the contact details below.

Your choices and rights

You have the right to ask us for a copy of your personal data; to correct, delete or restrict processing of your personal data; and to obtain the personal data you provide in a structured, machine readable format.

These rights may be limited, for example if fulfilling your request would reveal personal data about another person, or if you ask us to delete information which we are required by law or have compelling legitimate interests to keep. If you have unresolved concerns, you have the right to complain to a data protection authority where you live, work or believe a breach has taken place. In the UK, this is the Information Commissioner’s Office (ICO).

Data that is mandatory is indicated on relevant forms that you complete. Where provision of data is mandatory, if relevant data is not provided, then we will not be able to fulfil your requests to register, make a payment or otherwise engage with us for purposes where that data is required (usually the purposes of performing our contract with you). All other provision of your information is optional.

Contact us

If you have questions about this privacy notice or wish to contact us for any reason in relation to our personal data processing, please contact us at enquiries@iclr.co.uk

Further Information and Changes

If our information practices change at some time in the future we will post the policy changes to our website to notify you of these changes and provide you with the ability to opt out of these new uses.

The website may, from time to time, contain links to and from the websites of our partner networks, advertisers and affiliates. If you follow a link to any of these websites, please note that these other websites have their own privacy policies and that we do not accept any responsibility or liability for these policies. Please check these policies before you submit any personal data to these websites.

Updated 9 June 2025.

Cookies Policy

This section contains information about our use of browser cookies.

What is a cookie?

A cookie, also known as a browser cookie, is a text file containing small amounts of information which a server may download to your computer, mobile or tablet when you visit a website or use an app.

There are different types of cookies which are used to do different things, such as letting you navigate between different pages on a website efficiently, remembering preferences you have given and helping us to identify ways to improve your overall site experience.

You can find useful information about cookies at www.allaboutcookies.org.

We also use other forms of technology such as web beacons and, in apps, software development kits (SDKs) which serve a similar purpose to cookies and allow us to monitor and improve our platforms and email communications. When we talk about cookies in this Cookies Policy, this term includes these similar technologies. If you would like more information about our privacy practices, please consult our Privacy Policy.

What cookies do we use?

1. ‘Strictly necessary’ cookies: these cookies let you move around this Website (www.iclr.co.uk) and use essential features such as accessing secure areas of the Website and identifying you as being logged in. They don’t gather any information about you that could be used for marketing or remembering where you’ve been on the internet.

Accepting these cookies is a condition of using the website, however, as they are required for the proper operation of the Website. If you prevent them, we cannot guarantee how it will perform.

2. Analytics/ functional cookies: these cookies help us improve or optimise the experience we provide. They allow us to measure how visitors interact with our Website and we use this information to improve the user experience and performance of our platforms. These cookies are used to collect technical information such as the number of pages visited, which parts of our Website are clicked on and the length of time between clicks.

For example, these cookies collect information about your interaction with services provided on the Website, and may be used on our Website to remember your preferences (such as your language preference), your interests and the presentation of the Website (such as the font size). We will ask for your consent to use these cookies when you request the relevant service.

Please note that we do not use cookies or other tracking data to send you advertising or promotional material.

Third parties

Your use of the Website may result in some cookies being stored that are not controlled by us. This may occur when the part of the Website you are visiting makes use of a third-party analytics or marketing automation/management tool or includes content displayed from a third-party website, for example, YouTube, Twitter, or Facebook. You should review the privacy and cookie policies of those other services to find out how those third parties use cookies and whether your cookie data will be transferred to another country.

A list of the third parties who place cookies on the Website can be found here:

Google Analytics (retention period up to 2 years)
Twitter (non-identifiable information stored for 30 days)
LinkedIn – (retention period up to 90 days)
Facebook – (retention period up to 90 days)
Hubspot – (potentially indefinite retention period)
Hotjar – (retention period up to 365 days)

Updated 2 December 2021

ICLR Copyright Materials Reproduction Policy

Do I need permission?

ICLR (the Incorporated Council of Law Reporting for England and Wales) permits the reproduction in a commercial or educational publication (such as a textbook) of brief extracts from its printed or online case reports, provided the usage is fair, the text is unaltered, and a suitable acknowledgement is provided.

Where the extract is taken from a court judgment, the user should be aware that, while the original judgment may be covered by Crown copyright, the publication from which the extract is taken will also be subject to a separate copyright, based on ICLR’s editing and presentation of the text. For older cases, the content may not be otherwise available in the public domain.

Quoting short passages of material from the judgments included in ICLR’s case reports is permissible without seeking our prior approval. But if the proposed usage is substantial, we request that you seek permission and provide acknowledgement to ICLR.

Where the extract is taken from a headnote or other content generated exclusively by ICLR, a small fee may be charged, at ICLR’s discretion. This will depend in part on the amount used and the nature of the requesting publication. For short extracts constituting fair use, a simple acknowledgement may be sufficient.

Permission will only be granted on the basis that any extract or quotation must be exactly as given in the original ICLR publication and that the integrity of the extracts is preserved.

What is covered by ICLR copyright?

As a general guide, any printed material in a volume published by ICLR, including individual parts of law report series, bound volumes, indexes, and other print publications carrying the ICLR copyright notice, will be covered by ICLR’s copyright (subject to the expiry period under UK law).

Any case on the ICLR website is also covered by ICLR copyright, except for unreported judgment transcripts (cited by way of a neutral citation) which are covered by Crown Copyright and may be reproduced under the Open Government Licence for public sector information.

A convenient way to tell if a case is covered by ICLR copyright is to see whether the document can be opened without logging in to the ICLR.4 platform. If not, then the content will be covered by ICLR copyright and may require permission and/or acknowledgement to reproduce to any substantial extent. The only exception would be cases identifiable by a neutral citation and the judgment linked to within and reproduced by an external source such as BAILII or the National Archives.

Other material on the website, such as indexing catchwords, case summaries etc, is also covered by ICLR copyright.

NB. Bulk download and usage of ICLR digital content, even for subscribers, is prohibited under the ICLR Terms of Use for all users.

How do I get permission?

Permission should be sought either from ICLR directly, via the Contacts page; or can be managed via one of the recognised copyright licensing agencies we deal with:

1 St Katharine’s Way, London, E1W 1UN
Telephone: 020 7400 3100

Pearson (for educational materials)

For personalised recommendations for your publishing program or for general enquiries about global rights licensing, email rights@pearson.com

General guidance on using copyright material

Gov.uk: Using somebody else’s intellectual property

Intellectual Property Office (IPO): Copyright Notice: Duration of copyright (term)

Guidance on identification and citation of case law:

ICLR: Guide to ICLR law reports and their citations (content carrying ICLR publication references will be subject to ICLR copyright.)

ICLR: Guide to UK law reports and their citations (content carrying these references will be subject to their own copyright)

ICLR: Guide to Neutral citations (content carrying a neutral citation number is covered by Crown copyright and may be reproduced under the Open Government Licence for public sector information).

Specimen acknowledgements

There is no set form of wording, and most publishers will have their own house style; but depending on space and the volume of content involved, something along the lines of the following may be suitable.

Extracts from [the following cases] are reproduced with kind permission of …

We are grateful to … for permission to quote extracts from …

At the bare minimum, as well as correctly citing and quoting the copyright material, the following should appear:

Added 15 October 2024

Terms and Conditions

General Users

Terms and Conditions for General Users

1. ABOUT US AND OUR PRODUCTS AND SERVICES

2. PLACING ORDERS

3. THE REPORTS

4. YOUR USE OF THE REPORTS AND THE ONLINE SERVICE

5. SUBSCRIPTION PERIOD

6. SUBSCRIPTION FEE AND PAYMENT

7. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY

8. CONFIDENTIALITY AND PRIVACY

9. WARRANTIES

10. LIABILITY

11. TERM AND TERMINATION

12. CONSUMER RIGHT OF CANCELLATION

Model Cancellation Form

13. OTHER IMPORTANT INFORMATION

14. MODERN SLAVERY, ETC

Academic Users

ICLR Terms and Conditions for Academic Subscribers

1. ABOUT US AND OUR PRODUCTS AND SERVICES

2. PLACING ORDERS

3. THE REPORTS

4. YOUR USE OF THE REPORTS AND THE ONLINE SERVICE

5. SUBSCRIPTION PERIOD

6. SUBSCRIPTION FEE AND PAYMENT

7. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY

8. CONFIDENTIALITY AND PRIVACY

9. WARRANTIES

10. LIABILITY

11. TERM AND TERMINATION

12. OTHER IMPORTANT INFORMATION

13. MODERN SLAVERY, etc

Terms of Use

ICLR Terms of Use for all users

1. ABOUT US

2. OUR WEBSITE

3. YOUR ACCOUNT AND PASSWORD

4. OUR RIGHTS

5. OUR LIABILITY

6. YOUR CONDUCT

7. INTERACTIVE FEATURES

8. VIRUSES

9. GOVERNING LAW AND JURISDICTION

Privacy Policy

Your data and privacy

When does ICLR collect personal data about me?

What personal data does ICLR collect about me?

Why do we process your data?

Withdrawing consent or otherwise objecting to direct marketing

How secure is your data?

How long do we keep your data?

How is my personal data shared?

Your choices and rights

Contact us

Further Information and Changes

Cookies Policy

What is a cookie?

What cookies do we use?

Third parties

ICLR Copyright Materials Reproduction Policy

Do I need permission?

What is covered by ICLR copyright?

How do I get permission?

General guidance on using copyright material

Guidance on identification and citation of case law:

Specimen acknowledgements

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